Anal fistula - causes

• bacterial infection of the glands
• Crohn's disease
• Ulcerative colitis
• foreign body
• complication after surgery performed in the anus area
• trauma to the anus

Clinical picture

We distinguish two clinical forms of fistula: acute phase, i.e. anal abscess and chronic fistula. Perianal abscess arises from an infected gland, develops in the space between the internal and external anal sphincters, reaching the skin of the anus. It is characterized by intense, constant pain, and when it spontaneously perforates, a fistula is formed.

Anal fistula – symptoms

• purulent discharge from a small opening around the anus or from the anal canal
• feeling of moisture on the skin during the anus
• itching, burning
• recurrent abscesses around the anus
• pain is not a leading symptom in anal fistula, unless the external opening of the fistula becomes blocked, the purulent content does not escape and an anal abscess develops
• worse gas and stool retention

Medical consultation

During a medical consultation, the proctologist will interview the patient, perform a general examination, and an examination of the anus. If necessary, he will order additional tests. The tests listed do not require special preparation, they last a short time, the patient may feel some discomfort, but not pain. After performing the examination and collecting the necessary information, the doctor may suggest surgical treatment. In the case of fistulas, there is no conservative treatment.ment

The procedure involves a so-called lateral, partial section of the sphincter muscle and curettage of the fissure, in some cases the sentinel (skin lump) is removed. Surgical treatment is very effective, it leads to the quick recovery of chronic anal fissure. The procedure is performed with the assistance of an anesthesiologist, who together with the patient determines the method of anesthesia. Immediately after the procedure, pain and bleeding from the operated area may occur. The patient leaves the Clinic after one day, with post-operative recommendations, and at the designated time appears for check-ups

Treatment of abscesses

The abscess requires drainage, drainage can occur during the office visit. The doctor prescribes drug treatment.

Treatment of fistulas

Fistula surgeries are not easy, and treatment requires several visits to a specialist. The primary goal is to cure the fistula without impairing the ability to hold a stool. Part or all of the wound after the fistula is removed remains unsutured by the surgeon. The wound can heal for up to 3 weeks, but this is not burdensome for the patient. Convalescence is under strict medical supervision. The procedure is performed with the assistance of an anesthesiologist, who together with the patient determines the method of anesthesia. Immediately after the procedure, pain and bleeding may occur from the area of ​​the operation. The patient leaves the clinic after one day, with post-operative recommendations, and at the designated time comes for follow-up visits.

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